The Parts of a Flowering Plant

Plants are eukaryotic organisms that are characterized by their ability to produce their own food. They are vital to all life on earth because they provide oxygen, shelter, clothing, food, and medicine for other living organisms. Plants are very diverse and include organisms such as mosses, vines, trees, bushes, grasses, and ferns. Plants can be vascular or nonvascular, flowering or nonflowering, and seed-bearing or non-seed bearing. Angiosperms Flowering plants, also called angiosperms, are the most numerous of all the divisions in the Plant Kingdom. The parts of a flowering plant are characterized by two basic systems: a root system and a shoot system. These two systems are connected by vascular tissue that runs from the root through the shoot. The root system enables flowering plants to obtain water and nutrients from the soil. The shoot system allows plants to reproduce and to obtain food through photosynthesis. Root System The roots of a flowering plant are very important. They keep the plant anchored in the ground, and they obtain nutrients and water from the soil. Roots are also useful for food storage. Nutrients and water are absorbed through tiny root hairs that extend from the root system. Some plants have a primary root, or taproot, with smaller secondary roots extending from the main root. Others have fibrous roots with thin branches extending in various directions. All roots do not originate underground. Some plants have roots that originate above ground from stems or leaves. These roots, called adventitious roots, provide support for the plant and may even give rise to a new plant. Shoot System Flowering plant stems, leaves, and flowers make up the plant shoot system. Plant stems provide support for the plant and allow nutrients and water to travel throughout the plant. Within the stem and throughout the plant are tube-like tissues called xylem and phloem. These tissues carry water, food, and nutrients to all parts of the plant.Leaves are the sites of food production for the flowering plant. It is here that the plant acquires light energy and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and releases oxygen into the air. Leaves can have various shapes and forms, but they all consist of a blade, veins, and a petiole. The blade is the flat extended part of the leaf. The veins run throughout the blade and provide a transport system for water and nutrients. The petiole is a short stalk that attaches the leaf to the stem.Flowers are responsible for seed development and reproduction. There are four main flower parts in angiosperms: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sexual Reproduction and Flower Parts Flowers are the sites of sexual reproduction in flowering plants. The stamen is considered the male portion of a plant because it is where sperm is produced and housed within pollen grains. The female ovary is contained within the plant carpel. Pollen is transferred from stamen to carpel by plant pollinators such as bugs, birds, and mammals. When the ovule (egg cell) within the ovary becomes fertilized, it develops into a seed. The ovary, which surrounds the seed, becomes the fruit. Flowers that contain both stamens and carpels are called perfect flowers. Flowers that are missing either stamens or carpels are called imperfect flowers. If a flower contains all four main parts (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels), it is called a complete flower. Sepal: This typically green, leaf-like structure protects the budding flower. Collectively, sepals are known as the calyx.Petal: This plant structure is a modified leaf that surrounds the reproductive parts of a flower. Petals are typically colorful and often scented to attract insect pollinators.Stamen: The stamen is the male reproductive part of a flower. It produces pollen and consists of a filament and an anther.Anther: This sac-like structure is located at the tip of the filament and is the site of pollen production.Filament: A filament is a long stalk that connects to and holds up the anther.Carpel: The female reproductive part of a flower is the carpel. It consists of the stigma, style, and ovary.Stigma: The tip of the carpel is the stigma. It is sticky so it can collect pollen.Style: This slender, neck-like portion of the carpel provides a pathway for sperm to the ovary.Ovary: The ovary is located at the base of the carpel and houses the ovules. While flowers are necessary for sexual reproduction, flowering plants can sometimes reproduce asexually without them. Asexual Reproduction Flowering plants can self-propagate through asexual reproduction. This is accomplished through the process of vegetative propagation. Unlike in sexual reproduction, gamete production and fertilization do not occur in vegetative propagation. Instead, a new plant develops from parts of a single mature plant. Reproduction occurs through vegetative plant structures derived from roots, stems, and leaves. Vegetative structures include rhizomes, runners, bulbs, tubers, corms, and buds. Vegetative propagation produces genetically identical plants from a single parent plant. These plants mature faster than and are sturdier than plants that develop from seeds. Summary In summary, angiosperms are differentiated from other plants by their flowers and fruit. Flowering plants are characterized by a root system and a shoot system. The root system absorbs water and nutrients from the soil. The shoot system is composed of the stem, leaves, and flowers. This system allows the plant to obtain food and to reproduce. Both the root system and shoot system work together to enable flowering plants to survive on land. If you would like to test your knowledge of flowering plants, take the Parts of a Flowering Plant Quiz!

Conscientiousness a Review - 1793 Words

Conscientiousness: A review Introduction: A major contribution of our personality is an essential trait known as Conscientiousness. It was first grouped in the Five Factor Model personality and the circumplex model of interpersonal behavior 40 years ago by well known psychologists named Tupes and Christal(1961) (McCrae and Costa,1985).Recent developments on the work were carried on by several other psychologists like McCrae and Costa (1985a), Digman and Inouye (1986), Hogan (1983), and Peabody and Goldberg(1989) (Paul D. Trapnell and Jerry S. Wiggins 1990). Conscientiousness can be defined as â€Å"governing, persevering, unselfish behavior and impelling the individual to duty as conceived by his (or her) culture. A Conscientious person†¦show more content†¦According (McCrae and colleagues ) the factors measured by the FFM are comprehensive that is they account for almost all the common variance in personality trait scores, on the other hand NEO-PI-R facets have been shown to have discriminant (McCrae Costa, 1992) and specific heritability (Jang, McCrae, Angleitner, Riemann, Livesley, 1998) and to contribute incrementally to predictive validity (Paunonen Ashton, 2001) validity However, due to the popularity of the NEO-PI-R after being translated in major languages it is used extensively in research by professionals (Fruyt, McCrae, Szirmà ¡k, Nagy,2004).Two published studies examined correlation between FFPI and NEO-PI-R (Costa, Yang, and McCrae (1998).† correlated FFPI factors(using an earlier orthogonalizatio n algorithm) with NEOPI-R factors in a sample of 116 middle-age men and women, and found convergent correlations ranging from .32 (for autonomy with openness) to .71 (for extraversion). Hendriks et al. (1999b) correlated FFPI factors with NEOPI- R domains in samples of 88 to 102 persons and reported correlations ranging from .40 for autonomy and openness to .79 for extraversion. In both of these studies, the convergent correlations for the autonomy factor are rather low; inShow MoreRelatedCorrelation Between The Factor Personality Model And Job Satisfaction1554 Words   |  7 Pagesimaginativeness and insight, and those who score higher in this trait tend to have a broad range of interests, i.e. open to experiences. b. Conscientiousness - Common features of this trait are high levels of thoughtfulness, good self-control (good impulse control) and individuals tend to be goal-oriented and exhibit such behaviors. Those who score high in conscientiousness tend to be well organized and pay keen attention to details. c. Extroversion – Extroverts tend to possess characteristics such as excitabilityRead MoreThe Effect Of The Individual Personality On Success Essay1211 Words   |  5 Pagesagreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness). Many studies that been done on each individual trait and their respective influences on success, however when individual traits are studied to observe their effect on academic success it is clear that some traits are more desirable than others if one is to strive within an academic setting (ETS, 2016). One trait in particular that is praised for its correlation with academic success is Conscientiousness (Poropat AE, 2009). Upon review of the facetsRead MoreThe Big Five Research Project Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagespsychology class. The first question ask was what are the five personality traits according to the prominent five factor model. According to the psychology.suite101 website (Pawlik-Kienlen, 2007) the big five personality traits are as follows: †¢ Conscientiousness - being disciplined, dedicated and organized. This also means being self disciplined and having goals in life and striving to achieve them. †¢ Agreeableness - being pleasant and easy to get along with, cooperative, compassionate and kind heartedRead MoreAn Understanding Of Intrapersonal Effectiveness And The Five Factor Model1091 Words   |  5 Pagesusing the NEO IPIP framework (McShane, Olekalns, Travaglione, 2013, p.44-45). The Big Five personality dimensions are conscientiousness, neuroticism (or emotional stability), extraversion, agreeableness and openness to experience (Deyoung, Peterson, Quilty, 2007; McShane et al., 2013, p.44-45). FFM also proposes trait combinations for different careers; whilst conscientiousness and neuroticism seem to correlate with overall job performance, the remaining three dimensions form different correlationsRead MorePersonality Testing For Select Employees1218 Words   |  5 Pagesthat, this personality trait will lead to higher job performance. The implications on businesses of this will then be explored. Review What is Agreeableness? The Five Factor personality Model (FFM), of which Agreeableness is a part, is a, â€Å"hierarchical organization of personality traits in terms of five basic dimensions: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience.† (McCrae, John, 1998) The FFM is a widely used model for defining the dimensions of personalityRead MoreThe Four Tasks Of Management1449 Words   |  6 Pagesto a single dimension of personality. When these words were grouped, five dimensions seem to emerge, and these explain much of the variation in our personalities (Goldberg, L.R. (1990)). As you can see, the Big Five dimensions are openness, conscientiousness, extra version, agreeableness, and neuroticism – if you put the initials together, you get the acronym. Everyone has some degree of each of these traits; it is the unique configuration of how high a person rates on some traits and how low onRead MoreThe Impact Of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour By The Five Dimensions, Antecedents And Their Consequences1648 Words   |  7 Pages: Literature Review Due date : 23rd November 2015 Date submitted : 19th November 2015 Word count : 1472 Declaration: I have read and understand the Rules relating to Awards (Rule 3.18) as contained in the University Handbook. I understand the penalties that apply for plagiarism and agree to be bound by these rules. The work I am submitting electronically is entirely my own work . Signed : Aneesh Rama Date : 19th November 2015 Literature Review Abstract ThisRead MoreProfessional And Personal Development Plan810 Words   |  4 Pagesto my strength and weaknesses. I will explain these strength and weaknesses in openness to experience, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism. The openness side of me state that I am a curious person, it state that I like change and I am very fascinated with new ideas. Conscientiousness side of me explains that I like to plan; I am very responsible and very organized. The conscientiousness side will help greatly in my job life. The agreeableness side of me explains that I like to make friendsRead MorePersonality Testing For Select Employees1710 Words   |  7 Pagesthat, this personality trait will lead to higher job performance. The implications on businesses of this will then be explored. Review What is Agreeableness? The Five Factor personality Model (FFM), of which Agreeableness is a part, is a, â€Å"hierarchical organization of personality traits in terms of five basic dimensions: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience.† (McCrae, John, 1998) The FFM is a widely used model for defining the dimensions of personalityRead MoreThe Social Psychologist, Henri Tajfel And The Robber s Cave Experiment1518 Words   |  7 Pagesthe weight on building upon values such as compassion, conscientiousness, must be universally accepted by medical students as fundamental to a prosperous medical career. Psychologically speaking, certain peer groups may have an impact on the timeliness and application of these values, for example the one who spends time with charity-based societies may find themselves more capable of demonstrating and appreciating compassion and conscientiousness and so therefore, a first piece of advice for future

Social Cognitive Theory The Article

Question: Discuss about the Article for Social Cognitive Theory? Answer: The article, Assessing the effects of interactive blogging on student attitudes towards peer interaction, learning motivation, and academic achievements by C. Yang Y.S. Chang is published in the Journal of Computer Assisted Learning. The basic purpose of this article is to explore the role that the uses of blogs have started playing in the education of students along with the ways in which they have started supplementing the traditional classroom lectures, especially in case of higher education. Moreover, the study also chooses to focus on how this difference in the mode of education has lead to the development of student behavior including their attitudes towards their academic achievements, their learning motivation and their attitudes towards their interactions with their peers. The authors here compared two different approaches for the utilization of blogs in classroom studies. While one focuses upon the isolated student writings as part of the portfolio. Wherein the students po st blogs in response to certain prompts so as to make a compilation of what they write. The other method taken into account incorporates peer interactions wherein the students had the facility to respond to their peers post through comments and this facilitated their discussions among each other. There are different study designs that can be utilized for the completion of a successful research. For this research, the researchers made use of the exploratory design with quasi experimental facets. It means that the researchers will choose to include features of a true experiment but here certain of the elements may be missing. The most important reason for the utilization of this design lies in the fact that because it is considered to be a true replacement for original experiments along with the fact that it is not very practical to make use of a random sample study when considering the importance of blogs on learning and behavioral aptitudes. However, as much as a quasi experimental research cannot illustrate the cause and effect of the relationship between the subject and the object like in a controlled experiment, however, the cause and effects of the relation of the two can be effectively inferred from the gathered data. For the purpose of this research, the researchers hav e made use of case studies and correlation research by making use of two blogs. When it comes to researches concerning human growth and development, correlational research and case studies are often useful. However the studies need to be conducted carefully in a manner where the data retains its validity. Validity here is the measure of the success rate of what the study was initially supposed to uncover. There are several different factors that are being studied throughout the research. Firstly, the researchers want to study how important can blogs be when it comes to bringing about a revolution in higher education especially when it comes to student interaction. The other variables include the importance of motivation in learning, the attitude of the students towards their peers and its overall impact upon their academic achievements. The researchers in their study have pointed out that some of the reasons because of which blogs have becomes so important in the educational sectors is because they have become digital portfolios when it comes to the students assignments as well as their achievements. This is because blogs are platforms that provide students with a personal writing space. Moreover these are easy to publish, are sharable, and most importantly, they can be automatically archived, which empowers users to form learning communities with the help of these inter-linkages, the writers point out that this is the main reason because of which blogs have been successful in combining the process of learning with peer interaction. The research rightly points out that the general awareness of blogs exists in advanced education, also, a few students and personnel might even have kept up personal blogs for a considerable length of time in noneducational settings. Be that as it may, when it comes to the use of blogs in educational situations, there doesnt remain a comparable level of force as those in noneducational use. A few researchers like Hall and Davison 2007 contend that the basic comprehension of how to utilize social media, for example, like the use of discussion forums and blogs in a viable and significant way is minimal. The issue somewhat rests without more cohesive data to survey quality and adequacy. More cases for inducing blogging in educational settings need to concentrate on a far reaching research base comprehensively upheld by valid empirical studies directed in the structure of educational theory. When it comes to the aspect of hypothesis testing, the researchers have made use of theoretical knowledge that has been gathered with the help of secondary data from different researches. The researchers used vrooms expectancy theory as a framework for the purpose of exploring factors that will motivate the students to contribute as well as collaborate in an online learning environment. This is useful since the theory of vroom takes into account certain dimensions like expectancy, valence and instrumentality when it investigates the choice that people make and it is important to implement the same when analyzing the answers that the students provide in the questions present in the questionnaire that is being used to gather the data regarding the value of using blogs as an advanced educational tool. It also takes into account the social modeling process that has been developed by Bandura (1986) when it comes to defining the interactions present in between students, these interaction p resents opportunities for watching and impersonating effective practices and accomplishments, which basically brings about changes in peer levels of skill in an undertaking. Peer learning is a type of cooperative learning that helps in upgrading the and results in different beneficial learning outcomes. By opening opportunities for peers to view blogs made by others and empowering remarks and recommendations subsequent to analyzing their perspectives, exemplars are displayed for perceptions also, displaying, which, in the light of social learning theory by Bandura (1986), ought to upgrade spectator learning levels in an undertaking. Subsequently, course subjects reflected in intelligent blog discussion, dialogs, and remarks might improve scholarly accomplishments. As stated previously, the study takes into consideration two different groups and two types of blogs. One is as independent blog and the other is interactive. Both groups demonstrated that they were very motivated when it came to learning with the help of peer interactions through blogs. The researchers rightly state that basic reflection not just confers intending to what has been depicted, but additionally adds profundity and expansiveness to the implications by making inquiries about, and relating implications to, a range of learning issues. The researchers found that 61% of the remarks were intelligent. The study results reported for student states of mind towards peer interaction, learning motivation, and scholastic accomplishments are restricted for a few reasons. The limitations of the study as found in the study are as under. Initially, the learning connection was barely characterized, concentrating on learning a specialized, system based subject, to be specific, Electronic Commerce and Design of Internet Applications. An arrangement that incorporates examinations of blog use in different trains, for example, Business Administration and Women's Studies would be more exhaustive. Secondly, blogging went about as a supplement to a customary course, both with as well as outside the school curriculum. The estimation of the blog for learning and peer support in the different learning settings ought to be explored in a different study. Thirdly, in spite of the fact that student mentalities towards learning motivation, peer interaction, and scholastic accomplishments have been examined, a more thorough investigation with more measurements, like subjective view of reflection, towards the differences of the empirical discoveries would be intriguing. Fourthly, the researchers conducted the research with the intention of studying student behavior for two semesters which limited the findings as compared to the data that could have been collected over many semesters comprising of different student groups. Fifth, this study did not address any concerns about shared learning stages when it came to plagiarism. A very tedious aspect of social learning is that it is too widely available to a multitude of readers which increases its potential for copyright infringement under the mask of peer learning. In the event that this is a difficult issue in blogs, the question remains regarding the choice of correct methodologies that can be used to address the issue. The ramification of utilizing blogs to address the act of plagiarism requires further research. The essential informati on in the research was gathered between fall 2006 and spring of 2007. From that point forward, Web 2.0 incorporates a few new applications that empower self-assertive subsets of clients to speak with one another. Such correspondence progressively happens on Facebook, as well as on a few littler system applications, for example, Twitter. While blogs are more of a solitary unit, Twitter and Facebook are inherently considered to be more social. The researchers found that the students who utilized Facebook had a considerably higher sense of self-divulgence. They were also considerably more motivated and showed a positive attitude and zeal of learning in a classroom atmosphere. When it comes to education and twitter, it may be stated that it was found to be more of an interactive platform that facilitated interactions and exchange of information in a large scale. Twitter clients with comparative aims associate and team up with one another while looking for or sharing data. The research o utcomes, consolidated with the proliferation of social networking software, recommend that future advancement of educational instruments ought to be more attentive when it comes to the use of social network. In conclusion it may be stated that this study focused on the assessment and implementations of blogging in higher education. The authors made a comparative study of two different kind of blogs and their usages in the classroom scenario. The study results found that the method where the focus was upon students using the blog as their writing portfolio in responses to certain prompts had limitations, since it did not facilitate he one to one interactions among students and they did not receive feedback on different chain of thoughts. The other method made use of peer interactions and here the students had the facility to respond on the posts of each other and this facilitated them to hold in-depth discussion regarding the topic and it also facilitated them to pick up subtopics and discuss them in length which often helped in information sharing, learning and provided further topics to write about. The researchers found that when students did find the opportunity to interact with one a nother, as opposed to the isolated blogs that were only used as portfolios, the reports towards the key aspects of the research like peer interaction, learning motivation, and academic achievements shows a positive response. The interactions of the students among each other also helped in the process of motivating students to learn from the interactions and this in turn further facilitated them to indulge in academic success. Peer work thus proved to be a positive source of student motivation. Thus the peer feedback does appear to create quite a virtuous cycle and this provides valuable information while at the same time it helps in the process of improving the attitudes that students have towards using blogging as a source of learning. Thus when it comes to higher education and the use of blogging, this research has demonstrated that blogging has several positive effects on the process of learning other than improving collaboration among students and it can be recommended as a lear ning tool because it facilitates the aspects of reflection, communication, collaborative learning and provides social support. References Bandura A. (1986) Social Cognitive Theory. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, NewYork. Hall H. Davison B. (2007) Social software as support in hybrid learning environments: the value of the blog as a tool for reflective learning and peer support. Library Information Science Research 29, 163187. Yang S.H. (2009) Using blogs to enhance critical reflection and community of practice. Educational Technology Society 12, 1121 Yang, C., Chang, Y. S. (2012). Assessing the effects of interactive blogging on student attitudes towards peer interaction, learning motivation, and academic achievements.Journal of Computer Assisted Learning,28(2), 126-135.

Telecommunication Systems Essays - Error Detection And Correction

Telecommunication Systems Joseph Maria 530 BIS Telecommunication Systems Coursework 2 1) If the noise pulse signal cross the decision level of the detector then an error will occur in the bit value. If the noise is Gaussian there is equal probability for the noise voltage to increase the sample value and to decrease the sample value. Sampling at mid-interval T could result in an error if the noise value is happen to be large. Backward error control is a scheme in which the data is sent coded so that the receiver can detect errors, the receiver requests retransmission of a data block (frame) contain an error. Examples of backward error control code are ARQ (Automatic Request for repeat), BI-QUINARY, GREY CODE. Parity check bit involves the addition of a single extra bit (the parity bit) to the data. The logic value assigned to the parity bit ensures the number of 1s in the data block is even if using even parity and odd if odd parity. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC): During transmission the serial data stream is passed through a special electronic circuit that generates a frame check sequence (fcs) which is appended to the data. The fcs is actually the remainder that is generated when the electronic circuit divides the data steam by a known polynomial. During reception of the data, the receiver generates a new fcs that is compared with the transmitted fcs. Equality equates to error free transmission; inequality indicates an error but not the location of the error. CRC detects all single bit error, all double bit error, all burst errors which are less than the fcs length and most other burst errors. The ARQ (Automatic Request for repetition) is a code with standard redundancy. Each character contains seven bits of which only 3 are 1 bits. This gives the code its natural error detecting ability. If the signal arrives contaminated by noise that a code contains mark-to-space proportions other than 3:4, an ARQ signal is sent back to the transmitter for the information to be re-transmitted. Forward Error Control such as the Hamming Code detects the presence and location of an error and thus the receiver can correct the data (by inverting the bit). Sufficient redundant bits are added to each block of data to identify and therefore correct errors on receipt. The use of parity can be extended to two dimensions, in which case it may be possible to locate and correct error. Consider the 7 by 7 data block with row and column parity bits added. 01010000 bold = data 10001011 normal = parity bits 10111011 10001101 00101011 10001000 10100000 11101110 A single error is detected and located and can be corrected. Using even parity, there should be an even number of 1 in each row and column. Politics Essays